DALMATIAN
(Dalmatinac)
FCI-Standard N° 153 / 14. 04. 1999 / GB
TRANSLATION : A.J.E.Beekes and Mrs.R.Binder.
ORIGIN : Dalmatia, Croatian Republic.
DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE ORIGINAL VALID STANDARD : 14.04.1999.
UTILIZATION : Companion dog, family dog, suitable to be trained for various purposes.
CLASSIFICATION F.C.I. :Group 6 Scenthounds and related breeds.
Section 3 Related breeds.
Without working trial.
BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The origin of the Dalmatian dog is still obscure and rests solely on suppositions. From illustrations, discovered in the tombs of ancient Pharaohs and similar to paintings dating back to the period from the 16th to the 18th century, one can suppose that the Dalmatian has been in existence for some thousands of years. Church chronicles from the 14th century and from the year 1719 definitely suggest that the breed originated in the Mediterranean region and especially in the neighbourhood of the Dalmatian coast.
The earliest illustrations of the breed can be found in pictures by Italian painters of the 16th century and in a fresco in Zaostrog (Dalmatia) that can be dated back to the year 1710 approximately.
A work by Thomas Bewick, published in 1792, contains a description and the drawing of a Dalmatian, which Bewick refers to as « the Dalmatian or coach Dog ».
The first standard for the Dalmatian was written by an Englishman named Vero Shaw in the year 1882; in 1890 this standard was transferred to the official breed standard.
GENERAL APPEARANCE : The Dalmatian is a well balanced, distinctively spotted, strong, muscular and active dog. Symmetrical in outline, free from coarseness and lumber, and as a former « coach dog » capable of great endurance at a fair turn of speed.
IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS :
Length of the body : height at the withers = approximately 10 : 9.
Length of skull : length of muzzle = 1 : 1.
BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : Outgoing and friendly, not shy or hesitant, free from nervousness and aggression.
HEAD : Of fair length.
CRANIAL REGION :
Skull : Flat, fairly broad between the ears, with well defined temples. Slight frontal furrow. Entirly free from wrinkle.
Stop : Moderately well defined.
FACIAL REGION :
Nose : Nose leather in the black spotted variety always black, in the liver spotted variety always brown.
Muzzle : Long, powerful, never snipy. Nasal bridge straight and parallel to the upper outline of the skulll.
Lips : Clean, fitting the jaw rather closely, not pendulous. A complete pigmentation is desired.
Jaws/Teeth : Jaws strong with a perfect and regular scissor bite, i.e. upper teeth closely overlapping lower teeth and set square to the jaws. Desirable is a complete set of 42 teeth (in accordance with the teeth formula). The teeth are evenly proportioned and white.
Eyes : Set moderately well apart, medium size, round, bright and sparkling with an intelligent and alert expression. Colour dark brown in black spotted, light brown to amber in liver spotted dogs. Eye rims completely black in the black spotted, and completely liver brown in the liver spotted dogs. Eyelid close to the eyeball.
Ears : Set on rather high, moderate size, rather wide at base. Carried close to the head, gradually tapering to rounded point. Fine in texture, marking well broken up, preferably spotted.
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NECK : Fairly long, nicely arched, tapering to the head, free from throatiness.
BODY :
Withers : Well defined.
Back : Powerful, level.
Loins : Clean, muscular and slightly arched.
Croup : Very slightly sloping.
Chest : Not too broad, but deep and capacious. Brisket should reach to the elbows. Forechest well visible in profile. Ribs well proportioned, long, nicely sprung, never flat, barrel-shaped or malformed.
Flanks : Narrow.
Lower line : Belly distinctly tucked up towards the loin.
TAIL : Reaching approximately to the hock. Strong at the base, evenly tapering towards the tip; free from coarseness. Inserted neither too low nor too high. At rest carried pendent with a slight upward curve in the lowest third of the tail. When moving carried higher slightly above the topline, but never upright (gay) or curled. Preferably spotted.
LIMBS
FOREQUARTERS : Forelegs perfectly straight, with strong round bone down to feet.
Shoulders : Moderately oblique, clean and muscular.
Elbows : Close to the body, neither turned in nor out.
Pastern joint : Strong, with slight spring.
HINDQUARTERS : Rounded, muscular, clean. Viewed from the rear hindlegs vertical and parallel.
Stifle : Well bent.
Lower thigh : Strong.
Hock joint : Strong, well bent.
FEET : Round, compact with well arched toes (cat feet). Pads round, tough and elastic. Nails black or white in black spotted variety; in liver spotted brown or white.
GAIT/MOVEMENT : Great freedom of movement. Smooth, powerful, rhythmic action with long stride and good drive from hindquarters; viewed from the rear legs moving parallel, hindlegs tracking the fore. A short stride and paddling action are incorrect.
COAT
HAIR : Short, hard, dense, sleek and glossy.
COLOUR : Ground colour pure white. Black spotted variety with black spots, liver spotted variety with brown spots; not intermingling but round, well defined and as well distributed as possible. Size 2-3 cm in diameter. Spots on the head, tail and extremities smaller than those on the body.
SIZE AND WEIGHT :
Overall balance of prime importance.
Height at withers : For dogs 56-61 cm.
For bitches 54-59 cm.
Weight : For dogs approximately 27-32 kg,
For bitches approximately 24-29 kg.
FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.
- Bronzing (tempory bronze-like discolouring of the black spots).
ELIMINATING FAULTS :
- Aggresive or overly shy.
- Definitely over-or undershot mouth.
- Ectropion, entropion; wall eye, eyes of different colour (heterochromia).
- Blue eyes.
- Deafness.
- Limited patching around eyes (monocle) or elsewhere, yet acceptable for breeding).
- Tricolour (black and brown spots on the same dog).
- Lemon (lemon or orange spots).
- Very timid or aggressive behaviour.
Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.
N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.
RECOMMENDATION : In order to reduce the incident of deafness in Dalmatians (20-30%).
- Bilaterally deaf Dalmatians and blue-eyed Dalmatians should be discarded from breeding, ideally unilaterally deaf dogs likewise.
- Dogs with limited patching around eyes (monocle) or elsewhere should be accepted for breeding.
- Dogs with pigmented scrotum should be preferred.
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Its history
Traces of its ancestors in some works of Italian painters of XVI the century exist. Devout GO BACK TO LIST still in the time, raffigurazioni on tombe of the Pharaohs of Egypt ritraggono the dogs that remember give our Dalmatian close and testify the ancient origins of the race. also true that, when English of it began I' breeding, to the end of XVIII the century, the type was gi fixed and the little various modern Dalmatian from then.
In a generalized manner
Dog of company and family, the Dalmatian in realt a lot of devout With its physical and mental attitudes, knowing also to assume the guardiano role, pu to give great satisfactions in the devout ones varied disciplines. If the nummulari spots of its cape constitute its main characteristic, the morphology similar to hounds, the agile structure and muscolosa and the strong temperament makes of he a vigorous, athletic, lively dog.
Harmonious in the lines, the Dalmatian does not have any to be rough of heavy: it must show much resistance and being in a position to moving itself to fast sailing point. Of timid of mistrustful, and of frightening of consequently aggressive, the Dalmatian a extremely sociable and friendly dog.
Characteristics
The head introduces a good length, with flat skull that catches up the its maximum width between the orecchie and very designed to level of temples. The stop visible but not too much pronounced. The long and powerful, but not thin or sharpenned snout.
In the variet to black spots, the tartufo always black, while in that one to spots browns, tartufo always the brown. The jaws are powerful and the set of teeth must introduce scissor articulation. The eyes, distance to you but without excess, of medium dimensions, they are round, lives to us and shining. The orecchie are attacked high, fall back adherent to sides of the head and carry distributed spots very, preferibilmente tondeggianti. The short, rough, driven in hair, of smooth and lucente aspect.
Ransom: the general harmony of the proportions of primary importance: the ideal ransom in the male goes from 56 to 61 cm, in the female from 54 to 59.
Colors: the color of deep pure white man: the spots do not have to get confused, must round and be clearly designed, very left again and with a diameter
of 2-3 cm.
Tail: it catches up the garretto approximately; wide to the base and it is lost weight gradually towards the estremit
To avoid
. . Frightening or excessive aggressive character
. . Tricolour cape
. . Spots color lemon
. . Colorful specks
. . Blue eye, eterocromia delI' iride
Origin: Dalmatia, Croatian Republic
Sponsorship: The ICF
Date of the publication of the Standard in vigor: 25 September 1992
| Classification the ICF: |
Group 6 (segugi, dogs for blood track and breeds allied by marriage) |
General aspect: The Dalmatian e' a dog from the characteristic cape to spots: e', muscoloso and strongly active. Its harmonious line e', does not have to never be some rough of thinking. Able E' of great resistance and good velocita'.
Behavior and carattere:Il character e' open, sociable and cordial, does not have to be timid of mistrustful, and not even frightening or aggressive.
Head and cranio:La enough long head e', with wide the flat skull and piu' between the orecchie: the thunderstorms are very very delineate and "stop" e' the market to you. It must not have wrinkles. The snout e' along and powerful never appuntito; the labbra they must be dry, very adherent to the jaw. In the varieta' to black spots, the tartufo e' always black; in that one to spots liver, e' always brown.
Bocca:Le jaws is strong with closing "to perfect scissor", completes and to regulate.
Occhi:Sono moderately distances to you between they, round, lives and shining, from the intelligent expression. They must be dark in the dogs to black spots, brown clearly until color the amber in those to spots liver. Spotted the palpebral rhymes are all black or of color much dark one in the black one, brown in spotted the liver.
Orecchie:Attaccate high and of moderate largeness; rather wide to the base, they are shrunk until finishing in one heads rounded off; they are capacities against the head, of thin and fine webbing, very maculate.
And streamlined very arched, light Collo:E' moderately along and; it does not have to introduce giogaia.
Tronco:Il deep and wide thorax e'. The coasts very are bent, the garrese e' very defined, the powerful and straight back and; the kidneys strongly are muscolati and leggermente it arch to you.
Coda:Arriva approximately to the garretto, e' strongly to the junction, is lost weight gradually towards the estremita' and not e' never rough. It does not have to be inserted some low, of too much too much high and must be capacity leggermente bent towards the high, never to ring. Preferibile E' that has some spot.
Anteriore:Le shoulders is moderately oblique, dry and muscolose. The elbows join well to the thorax. The legs are perfectly straight, strong, with a solid skeleton; the rticolazioni of the carpo must be elastic.
Posteriore:Ha muscles very develops to you and obvious, the ginocchio e' very angled, the garretti they are leggermente folds to you; the seen limbs give GO BACK TO LIST, must be parallels.
Piedi:Rotondi and compact, with fingers very arch, "from cat". Round, hard and elastic bearings. The nails are black or white women in the varieta' to black spots, browns or white women in varieta' color the liver.
Andatura:Il Dalmatian has one large 1iberta' of movement. Its fluid, ritmica powerful action e', with one long falcata: sights give GO BACK TO LIST the legs move on two lines parallels, the posterior ones on the tracks of the front ones. A short step and a movement with oscillating legs are scorretti.
Mantello:Il hard and driven in, smooth and short lucente hair e'. The color of the bottom e' pure white man. The Dalmatian black white men and introduce spots of black an intense one, those white men and liver brown-liver has spots color. The spots do not have sovrapporsi, but they must be round, from the edge clearly, and very distributed; their diameter e' of 2-3 cm. The spots on the head, the tail and the estremita' are piu' small.
Ransom and weight: The general equilibrium of the entirety e' of the maximum importance. Ideal Height: for i males cm. 56-61, for the females: cm. 54-59 ideal Weight: for the males approximately 27 kg, the females approximately 24 kg.
Defects: Whichever discordanza with the described points must be considered a defect, to estimate in proportion its gravita'.
Defects from disqualification: Spots "to speck", spots to eyeglass. Tricolorismo (black spots and
spots browns in the same dog). Spots color "lemon" (shadings lemon or bronze of the spots). Other defects of pigmentazione. Blue eyes. Eterocromia of the iride. Prognatismo. . Enognatismo. Sordita'. Ectropium. Strongly timid or aggressive behavior.
N.B.:
The males must completely have two testicoli from the normal aspect
reductions in the scroto.